Life Sketch Of The Ninth Guru
Guru Tegh Bahadur was born in Amritsar in 1671 B. K. (Guru Ka Mahal). His father’s name was Guru Hargobind Ji and his mother’s name was Mata Nanaki Ji. He participated in the battle of Kartarpur in his childhood. He was free from worldly attachments and liked to remain silent. He meditated about twenty-one years in Bhora Sahib, Baba Bakala, Distt. Amritsar. He contemplated on “Waheguru”, “Gurmantar” and “Ik Oam Kar Satnam Karta purakh, Nirbhao, Nirvair, Akal Murat, Ajuni Saibhang, Gurprsad”, “Mulmantar”.
Makhan Shah Lubana (whose ship was sinking in the sea) and Baba Dawarka Dass Ji and Bhai Garhia Ji declared openly the presence of the True Guru. Dhirmal and Ram Rai opposed. Sheeha Masand of Dhirmal fired at, but Guru ji escaped. Guru Ji sat on the Gaddi of Guru Nanak on Chait 1, 172IB.K. The ceremony of Gurgaddi was performed by a Sikh from Delhi who offered five paise and coconut.These things were placed by the 8th Guru Harkrishan Sahib.Twenty-two hypocrite gurus left their places. After sometime,Guru ji went to see Shri Tarn Taran Sahib, Shri Khadur Sahib and Shri Goindwal Sahib, Gurdwara Thana Sahib near Akal Takhat, Golden Temple Shri Amritsar Sahib.The worshippers of the Golden Temple closed the doors and Guru ji could not see the Temple. From this place, Guru Ji reached Shri Damdama Sahib. At this place, the people from the worshippers of Golden Temple came to seek pardon. From this place, Guruji reached village Valla at Gurdwara Kotha sahib and met the disciples and returned to Baba Bakala.
After staying for a while, Guru ji reached Jullundur, Nawanshahr, Durga, and Shri Kiratpur Sahib.There also Sodhis became jealous of him. From that place, Guru ji came to village Makhowal of Raja Kahloor, bought the land and settled there-(Nanaki Pind) (Guru ka Chak) (Shri Anandpur Sahib). Just as after the rain the land becomes cool, Shri Guru Teg Bahadur Sahib travelled from Punjab to Assam in about two years, comforted the minds of the people by Gurbani.
Guruji left Shri Anandpur Sahib Via Shri Kiratpur on 15th Maghar 1722 B.K. He reached the Malwa’s village like Moolowal Bhikhi, Khiwa, Maur, Dalaio, Candoo, Phaguwalla Wazidpur, Dharmu Da Koat, Munak, SabokiTalwandi and also Dhamdhan, Kurukshetra, Thanesar, Barna, Bani-Biderpur, U.P. Manakpur, Garh Maktashwer, Mathra, Agra, Tarbeni, Kansi,Sasram, Gaya, Shri Patna Sahib (Here left his wife (Mata Gujri) and other followers) Maghar, Bhagalpur, Raj Mahal, Malda, Bihar, Bengal, Dhaka, Assam, Rangmati (Dhobri, where Guru Nanak Dev Ji had gone). This village was settled by a Dhoban. Gohati, Karamnasha Stream, the villalge Khanjar was settled by Guru Tag Bahadur Sahib by arranging a settlement between Raja of Assam and Ram Singh, the latter was sent by Aurangzeb Moghul Emperor against the former. Guru Ji warned both of them against the policy of Aurangzeb. Guru ji preached among the people, neither to scare any body nor becoming scared from anyone. Guru ji built wells and tanks in the Villages and prohibited the people from smoking.
After this tour, Guru ji returned to Shri Anandpur Sahib and wrote a letter to his wife (Mata Gujri) and child (Gobind Rai) to come back to Punjab. There are four religious places in a single building namely Gurdwara Bhora Sahib, residing place, Damdama Sahib and Manji Sabib. Kashmiri Pandits requested Guru ji at Manjit Sahib in Shri Anandpur to save their religion. Earlier these Pandits had gathered in a temple at Amar Nath. They were given the time of six months to decide their future. It was the order of the Governor named Sher Afgan to accept Islam.Guru ji prepared for the sacrifice to save the Hindu religion.The child Guru, Guru Gobind Rai welcomed the decision taken by his father and said, “No one was as pious as you in India. In this way, you can save their religion.” Guru ji prepared himself along with his five followers namely Bhai Mati Dass ji, Bhai Dayala ji, Bhai Gurditta ji, Bhai Uda ji and Bhai Cheema ji to offer heads to Moghul Emperor. On way from Shri Anandpur Sahib to Delhi, Guru ji reached Siri Kiratpur, Bharatgarh, Ropar, Saifabad, Patiala Samana, Garhi Nazir, Karnal, Karhali, Cheeka, Kharar, Jind, Kathal, Bangar Desh and also the place of Mata Bhagwanti in Agra. Guru ji was arrested by Hasanali Kotwal. Guru ji gave a ring and valuable blanket to the grandson of Kotwal who was grazing the cattle. Guru ji also gave him two rupees to buy the sweet from the confectioner.The garden was seized by one hundred soldiers and horses.Guru ji and his five followers were sent to Delhi under strict cantrol of 1200 soldier. Now Guru ji and his five disciples were put in an iron cage.
The name of this place is “Purani Haveli.” Moghul Emperor and Kazi offered Guru ji and his followers to accept anyone of the following:-
1. To accept the Islam
2. To show miracle
3. To face death
The body of Mati Dass was cut into two pieces with a saw. Bhai Dayala ji was boiled in a cauldron. Other two followers left the jail according to the orders of Guru ji. Bhai Gurditta ji was releasd by the Govt. and he passed away on the path. The Ninth Guru was martyred at Chandni Chowk in Delhi on Maghar Sudi 5, 1732 B. (1675 AD.) Guru ji was martyred by butcher Jalaldin of Samana. The calamity broke out by the Almighty God through dark storm. Sisganj is the name of that place in Delhi, Gurdwara Rakabganj is the place where the whole body without head was brought by Lakhi Shah and placed into flames. Bhai Jaita (Jiwan Singh ji) brought the head by betraying the Moghul Empire and reached Shri Anandpur Sahib via Taravari, Ambala, Nabha Sahib, Shri Kiratpur Sahib Gurdwara Bibangarh Sahib. The child Guru Gobind Rai embraced him and said, “Rangreta Guru Ka Beta”. Gurdwara Sisganj is built in the memory of Guru ji. ‘Akal Bunga’ is the place at Shri Anandpur Sahib, where Guru Gobind Rai ji informed the next programme.
The Gurbani of Guru Teg Bahadur ji was sent by a Sikh of Guru ji to Guru Gobind Rai. Afterwards, it was added in the Adi Guru Granth Sahib ji. The effect of the martyrdom was that all the followers of first nine Gurus assembled under the control of tenth Guru Gobind Singh ji and became the saint soldiers (Khalsa).
Some important followers:-
Pir Mola Shah of Ropar, Dasu of village Bikhi, Bhai Mogla of village Gandu, an old follower of village Dalaio, Malook Dass of Manikpur Bhai Meehan Singh of Dhamdhan, Bhai Gurbux Singh of Jonpur, Bhai Phagu of Sasram, Raja Ram of Assam Province, Raja of Goripur. Raja was blessed with a son by Guru ji. Saifdin Pathan of Bahadurgarh, Mata Karmo and Bhag Ram of village Lehal, Near Gurdwara Dukhniwaran Sahib and the followers of Moti Bagh Patiala. Bhikhan Khan Pathan of Garhi Nazir, a Pathan Sardar of Samana, Bhai Veeru of Dhaka, Almasat and his two grandsons named Bhai Natha and Balaki Dass Masand (Their mother painted the picture of Guru ji), Bhai Dayal Ram Rai, Bhai BhaJdmal of Shri Patna Sahib in Bihar Province Masand Galora of Hansi Dagoo Chowdhry from Malwa region who served the Guru and received his blessings.